List of Sedimentary Rocks

  • Argillite – Sedimentary rock, mostly of indurated clay particles.
  • Arkose – A type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar.
  • Banded iron formation – Distinctive layered units of iron-rich sedimentary rock that are almost always of Precambrian age.
  • Breccia – Rock composed of broken fragments cemented by a matrix.
  • Calcarenite – A type of limestone that is composed predominantly of sand-size grains.
  • Chalk – A soft, white, porous sedimentary rock made of calcium carbonate.
  • Chert – A hard, fine-grained sedimentary rock composed of cryptocrystalline silica.
  • Claystone – Clastic sedimentary rock composed primarily of clay-sized particles.
  • Coal – Combustible sedimentary rock composed primarily of carbon.
  • Conglomerate – A coarse-grained clastic sedimentary rock with mainly rounded to subangular clasts.
  • Coquina – A sedimentary rock that is composed mostly of fragments of shells.
  • Diamictite – A lithified sedimentary rock of non- to poorly sorted terrigenous sediment in a matrix of mudstone or sandstone.
  • Diatomite – Soft, siliceous sedimentary rock that is easily crumbled.
  • Dolomite (rock), also known as Dolostone – Sedimentary carbonate rock that contains a high percentage of the mineral dolomite.
  • Evaporite – A water-soluble mineral sediment formed by evaporation from an aqueous solution
  • Flint – Cryptocrystalline form of the mineral quartz.
  • Geyserite – A form of opaline silica that is often found around hot springs and geysers.
  • Greywacke – A hard, dark sandstone with poorly sorted angular grains in a compact, clay-fine matrix.
  • Gritstone – A hard, coarse-grained, siliceous sandstone.
  • Itacolumite – A porous, yellow sandstone that is flexible when cut into thin strips.
  • Jaspillite – A banded mixture of hematite and quartz.
  • Laterite – A product of rock weathering in wet tropical climate rich in iron and aluminum.
  • Lignite – soft, brown, combustible, sedimentary rock.
  • Limestone – Sedimentary rocks made of calcium carbonate.
  • Marl – Lime-rich mud or mudstone which contains variable amounts of clays and silt.
  • Mudstone – Fine grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds.
  • Oil shale – Organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rock containing kerogen.
  • Oolite – Sedimentary rock formed from ooids.
  • Phosphorite – A non-detrital sedimentary rock that contains high amounts of phosphate minerals
  • Sandstone – Type of sedimentary rock.
  • Shale – A fine-grained, clastic sedimentary rock.
  • Siltstone – Sedimentary rock which has a grain size in the silt range.
  • Sylvinite – A sedimentary rock made of a mechanical mixture of sylvite and halite.
  • Tillite – Till which has been indurated or lithified by burial.
  • Travertine – A form of limestone deposited by mineral springs.
  • Tufa – Porous limestone rock formed when carbonate minerals precipitate out of ambient temperature water.
  • Turbidite – The geologic deposit of a turbidity current.
  • Wackestone – A mud-supported carbonate rock that contains greater than 10% grains.

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