Trachybasalt is a volcanic rock with a composition between trachyte and basalt.
The term Trachybasalts was originally used by Boricky in 1974, to describe nepheline-nosean-bearing basaltic dyke rocks the had a rough appearance. In 1921 the committee on British Petrographic Nomenclature suggested that the term Trachybasalts should be used to describe "intermediate potash-rich rocks containing basic plagioclase together with potash feldspar".
Trachybasalts are fine-grained basic igneous rocks containing plagioclase and alkali feldspar, and pyroxene with no feldspathoids, in which 10-40% of feldspar is alkali feldspar. Trachybasalts are subdivided into hawaiite (andesine, anorthoclase, olivine, augite and biotite), mugearite (oligoclase, orthoclase, olivine, augite and biotite), and benmoreite (anorthoclase, olivine, augite and biotite). Despite their broad mineralogical differences these sub-types can only be properly distinguished on the basis of their compositions. The coarse-grained equivalent of trachybasalt is syenogabbro. The trachybasalts represent part of an important crystal fractionation series between alkali basalt and trachyte. They are most commonly associated with ocean island and continental rift magmatism, but are found in a wide range of settings.
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